Yeshivish is spoken mainly by English language-speaking Orthodox Judaism who have attended a yeshiva (an institute for higher Torah study), and is, indeed, the primary vehicle of communication in major American Litvish yeshivas. One serious study of Yeshivish has been made by Chaim Weiser, who says that it cannot accurately be called a jargon, pidgin, Creole, or an independent language; he instead refers to it as a ''shprach'' (which basically means "language" or "communication" in either Yiddish or German language). ==Comparison with Yiddish== Although it may not yet be a pidgin, Yeshivish may someday be analogous to English in the way that Yiddish language is to German language. The comparison provides a good way to help clarify its nature. Yiddish use developed among German-speaking Jews with the addition of words from other languages known to them; the same goes for Yeshivish and Jewish speakers of English. Yiddish and Yeshivish each have native lexical and grammatical features not found in the languages they draw upon. Yiddish evolved into an independent language; thus far Yeshivish has not. Speakers of Yiddish may not understand German; speakers of Yeshivish invariably understand English. (The reverse, however, is not the case.) Yiddish has existed for over ten centuries; Yeshivish, only a few decades. Yiddish uses the Hebrew alphabet; Yeshivish primarily uses the English alphabet. ==Vocabulary== The vocabulary of Yeshivish is drawn primarily from English, although it includes terms from other languages, especially Hebrew (language), Yiddish, and Aramaic. In some cases, words are used in different ways than they are used in their language of origin. For example, "Lichora, the hava mina of the Rosh was kneged Tosfos" (trans. "Apparently, the initial assumption of the Rosh Yeshiva was contrary to the view of Tosafot"). "Hava mina" is a noun in Yeshivish, despite being a verb phrase in Aramaic, and the sense of "keneged" meaning "in opposition" exists in Yeshivish, but not in classical Hebrew (where it means "concerning"). Similarly, the preposition "by" can be used in Yeshivish where "at," "among," "beside," and "with" would be required in English, as in "I ate by my brother last night." ==Grammar== As a general rule, the singular form of a Yeshivish noun becomes a plural by adding an "s" to it, as in English, even when the base word is not an English one. Thus, the plural of "yeshiva" is "yeshivas," not "yeshivos" or "yeshivot." For Yeshivish rules regarding verbs -- as well as other parts of speech -- the serious student of the shprach is advised to read the explanation in "The Grammar of Yeshivish," found at the start of Weiser's dictionary (see reference below); briefly, Hebrew verbs in Yeshivish tend to be treated as participles, which are inflected by English auxiliary verbs. Thus, for example: :"He was moide that he was wrong." ::"He was" puts "moide" -- "to admit" -- into the third-person singular past tense, creating the present meaning of "He admitted that he was wrong." :"We'll always be soimech on Rav Plony's p'sak that the eruv is mutar." ::"We'll always be" puts "soimech" -- "to rely" -- into the first-person plural future tense, creating the present meaning of "We'll always rely upon Rabbi So-and-So's ruling that the eruv is permitted." ==Culture== ''Yeshivish'' can also refer to the culture of the yeshiva system. As yeshiva students are typically in their late teens and early twenties, it bears strong parallels to students' culture in university. Objects can be ''yeshivish'' if they are typically associated with students; a ''yeshivish'' car is a jalopy, as nobody expects anybody from a yeshiva to be able to afford better. On the other hand, as with the parallel term "collegial," the term also appeals to standards of conformity. These competing strains are reflected in the dictionary definitions for "yeshivish": "conservative"; "indecorous"; "cheap"; "typical, hackneyed"; "adherent"; and "geshmak" (itself defined as "delightful"). ==References== * Weiser, Chaim M (1995). ''Frumspeak: The first dictionary of Yeshivish.'' Northvale: Aronson. ISBN 1-56821-614-9. ==See also== * Yeshiva * Yinglish Orthodox Judaism Yiddish Jewish languages Mixed languages
This article needs serious work. I'll call attention to two claims: 1) "could perhaps be considered a dialect of English. It might be classified as a Pidgin" NO encyclopedia article should havce the phrase "could perhaps." An encyclopedia article is meant to represent the current level of knowledge and debate over certain topics. What linguists have analyzed Yshivish? Do they argue over whether or not it is in fact a dialect of English? Which linguists take one side, and which take another? For what reasons? What are the linguistic arguments for classifying it this way -- and what are the linguisstic arguments for not doing so? If the article cannot describe such debats, then this sentence should simply be cut as it is empty of meaning and value. : Regarding my revision on this point, see pages xv-xxi in Weiser. User:Shmuel 03:27, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC) 2) "People who speak Yeshivish do not approve of educated English" This is an empirical claim. What is the data? Has there been a survey? Support for such empirical claims must be provided, or else the sentence should be cut. Assuming that their is good empirical evidence to support this claim, more analysis is needed. It is not enough to provide the local explanation -- this article is describing a sociological phenomena and there needs to be more analysis. This is an encyclopedia, not an op-ed page. I see potential in this article but it needs work. I urge to author of the article to respond to my comments with improivements, or I will cut at least these two questionable claims. User:Slrubenstein This is the English speaking section of Wikipedia - I think statements such as the below should be translated into English as well in order to educate English-only speakers. This would make this article more useful to a larger number of people. Thus, for example, "he was moide that he was wrong" and "he'll always be machmir not to use the eruv." :Done. Along the way, I realized that I'd chosen a poor example in the latter case, as "machmir" itself is an adjective, not a verb; I've modified the sentence accordingly. Thanks for the catch! User:Shmuel 07:40, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC) == Classification of Yeshivish & the state of this article == I do not speak Yeshivish, and I'm only able to understand about half of it. Not only does it use a great number of Yiddishisms and (imho grossly mispronounced) Hebraisms, it uses them in ways that violate the rules of both Yiddish and Hebrew...making them home therefore, only in Yeshivish. I am, therefore, of the opinion that the blanket statement that linguists do not consider it to be a distinct language requires clarification and substantiation. I would assert, and claim to be on more authoritative grounds than this shoddily constructed article, that Yeshivish ''is'' a separate language, and that the fact that all of its speakers happen to be bilingual in English is irrelevant to its classification as such. Nobody disputes that Kernewek (Cornish language) is a distinct language even though all its native speakers also speak English, why Yeshivish should be subject to this claim then, eludes me. User:TShilo12 User talk:TShilo12 01:48, Mar 30, 2005 (UTC) :The reason linguists consider Cornish a separate language from English but are reluctant to consider Yeshivish a separate language from English is that Cornish has its own grammatical structure; it has a different syntax from that of English, and it has not only its own content words (nouns, verbs, adjectives) but also its own function words (pronouns, prepositions, adverbs, particles) and morphology. Yeshivish, on the other hand, is completely English in its grammatical structure, it uses English syntax, and it uses English function words and morphology. It even uses English content words for the majority of lexical items unrelated to Judaism. I don't speak Yeshivish either, but I strongly suspect a sentence like ''The cat was lying on the chair dozing in the sun'' would be "translated" into Yeshivish as ''The cat was lying on the chair dozing in the sun'' (and not, say, *''The kats was ligndik on the shtul dremlendik in the zun''). No one denies Yeshivish is a separate language from both Hebrew and Yiddish. --User:Angr 06:43, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC) Yeshivish certainly has its own grammar, which is partially Hebrew/Aramaic and leans heavily on Talmudic phraseology and idiom, as well as occasionally having a Yiddish sentence structure. User:Jfdwolff | User_talk:Jfdwolff 10:55, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC) :Can you give an example of a Yeshivish sentence whose syntax is different from that of its English translation? --User:Angr 11:45, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC) ::He was moide that he was wrong." ::"He was" puts "moide" -- "to admit" -- into the third-person singular past tense, creating the present meaning of "He admitted that he was wrong." ::"We'll always be soimech on Rav Plony's p'sak that the eruv is mutar." ::"We'll always be" puts "soimech" -- "to rely" -- into the first-person plural future tense, creating the present meaning of "We'll always rely upon Rabbi So-and-So's ruling that the eruv is permitted." ::The modification of the infinitive by various forms of "to be" is different from English verb forms. ::--User:Briangotts 15:53, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC) :Not really. "Moyde" and "soymekh" are behaving in Yeshivish (and in Yiddish for that matter) like adjectives, even if they are participles in Hebrew. As far as syntax is concerned, there's no difference between ''He was moyde that he was wrong'' and ''He was sorry that he was wrong'' or ''We'll always be soymekh on ...'' and ''We'll always be reliant on ...''. --User:Angr 16:11, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)
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Words begining with Yeshivish:
Yeshivish
Yeshivish
Yeshivish
Yeshivish is spoken mainly by English language-speaking Orthodox Judaism who have attended a yeshiva (an institute for higher Torah study), and is, indeed, the primary vehicle of communication in major American Litvish yeshivas. One serious study of Yeshivish has been made by Chaim Weiser, who says that it cannot accurately be called a jargon, pidgin, Creole, or an independent language; he instead refers to it as a ''shprach'' (which basically means "language" or "communication" in either Yiddish or German language). ==Comparison with Yiddish== Although it may not yet be a pidgin, Yeshivish may someday be analogous to English in the way that Yiddish language is to German language. The comparison provides a good way to help clarify its nature. Yiddish use developed among German-speaking Jews with the addition of words from other languages known to them; the same goes for Yeshivish and Jewish speakers of English. Yiddish and Yeshivish each have native lexical and grammatical features not found in the languages they draw upon. Yiddish evolved into an independent language; thus far Yeshivish has not. Speakers of Yiddish may not understand German; speakers of Yeshivish invariably understand English. (The reverse, however, is not the case.) Yiddish has existed for over ten centuries; Yeshivish, only a few decades. Yiddish uses the Hebrew alphabet; Yeshivish primarily uses the English alphabet. ==Vocabulary== The vocabulary of Yeshivish is drawn primarily from English, although it includes terms from other languages, especially Hebrew (language), Yiddish, and Aramaic. In some cases, words are used in different ways than they are used in their language of origin. For example, "Lichora, the hava mina of the Rosh was kneged Tosfos" (trans. "Apparently, the initial assumption of the Rosh Yeshiva was contrary to the view of Tosafot"). "Hava mina" is a noun in Yeshivish, despite being a verb phrase in Aramaic, and the sense of "keneged" meaning "in opposition" exists in Yeshivish, but not in classical Hebrew (where it means "concerning"). Similarly, the preposition "by" can be used in Yeshivish where "at," "among," "beside," and "with" would be required in English, as in "I ate by my brother last night." ==Grammar== As a general rule, the singular form of a Yeshivish noun becomes a plural by adding an "s" to it, as in English, even when the base word is not an English one. Thus, the plural of "yeshiva" is "yeshivas," not "yeshivos" or "yeshivot." For Yeshivish rules regarding verbs -- as well as other parts of speech -- the serious student of the shprach is advised to read the explanation in "The Grammar of Yeshivish," found at the start of Weiser's dictionary (see reference below); briefly, Hebrew verbs in Yeshivish tend to be treated as participles, which are inflected by English auxiliary verbs. Thus, for example: :"He was moide that he was wrong." ::"He was" puts "moide" -- "to admit" -- into the third-person singular past tense, creating the present meaning of "He admitted that he was wrong." :"We'll always be soimech on Rav Plony's p'sak that the eruv is mutar." ::"We'll always be" puts "soimech" -- "to rely" -- into the first-person plural future tense, creating the present meaning of "We'll always rely upon Rabbi So-and-So's ruling that the eruv is permitted." ==Culture== ''Yeshivish'' can also refer to the culture of the yeshiva system. As yeshiva students are typically in their late teens and early twenties, it bears strong parallels to students' culture in university. Objects can be ''yeshivish'' if they are typically associated with students; a ''yeshivish'' car is a jalopy, as nobody expects anybody from a yeshiva to be able to afford better. On the other hand, as with the parallel term "collegial," the term also appeals to standards of conformity. These competing strains are reflected in the dictionary definitions for "yeshivish": "conservative"; "indecorous"; "cheap"; "typical, hackneyed"; "adherent"; and "geshmak" (itself defined as "delightful"). ==References== * Weiser, Chaim M (1995). ''Frumspeak: The first dictionary of Yeshivish.'' Northvale: Aronson. ISBN 1-56821-614-9. ==See also== * Yeshiva * Yinglish Orthodox Judaism Yiddish Jewish languages Mixed languages
Yeshivish
This article needs serious work. I'll call attention to two claims: 1) "could perhaps be considered a dialect of English. It might be classified as a Pidgin" NO encyclopedia article should havce the phrase "could perhaps." An encyclopedia article is meant to represent the current level of knowledge and debate over certain topics. What linguists have analyzed Yshivish? Do they argue over whether or not it is in fact a dialect of English? Which linguists take one side, and which take another? For what reasons? What are the linguistic arguments for classifying it this way -- and what are the linguisstic arguments for not doing so? If the article cannot describe such debats, then this sentence should simply be cut as it is empty of meaning and value. : Regarding my revision on this point, see pages xv-xxi in Weiser. User:Shmuel 03:27, 20 Sep 2004 (UTC) 2) "People who speak Yeshivish do not approve of educated English" This is an empirical claim. What is the data? Has there been a survey? Support for such empirical claims must be provided, or else the sentence should be cut. Assuming that their is good empirical evidence to support this claim, more analysis is needed. It is not enough to provide the local explanation -- this article is describing a sociological phenomena and there needs to be more analysis. This is an encyclopedia, not an op-ed page. I see potential in this article but it needs work. I urge to author of the article to respond to my comments with improivements, or I will cut at least these two questionable claims. User:Slrubenstein This is the English speaking section of Wikipedia - I think statements such as the below should be translated into English as well in order to educate English-only speakers. This would make this article more useful to a larger number of people. Thus, for example, "he was moide that he was wrong" and "he'll always be machmir not to use the eruv." :Done. Along the way, I realized that I'd chosen a poor example in the latter case, as "machmir" itself is an adjective, not a verb; I've modified the sentence accordingly. Thanks for the catch! User:Shmuel 07:40, 14 Mar 2005 (UTC) == Classification of Yeshivish & the state of this article == I do not speak Yeshivish, and I'm only able to understand about half of it. Not only does it use a great number of Yiddishisms and (imho grossly mispronounced) Hebraisms, it uses them in ways that violate the rules of both Yiddish and Hebrew...making them home therefore, only in Yeshivish. I am, therefore, of the opinion that the blanket statement that linguists do not consider it to be a distinct language requires clarification and substantiation. I would assert, and claim to be on more authoritative grounds than this shoddily constructed article, that Yeshivish ''is'' a separate language, and that the fact that all of its speakers happen to be bilingual in English is irrelevant to its classification as such. Nobody disputes that Kernewek (Cornish language) is a distinct language even though all its native speakers also speak English, why Yeshivish should be subject to this claim then, eludes me. User:TShilo12 User talk:TShilo12 01:48, Mar 30, 2005 (UTC) :The reason linguists consider Cornish a separate language from English but are reluctant to consider Yeshivish a separate language from English is that Cornish has its own grammatical structure; it has a different syntax from that of English, and it has not only its own content words (nouns, verbs, adjectives) but also its own function words (pronouns, prepositions, adverbs, particles) and morphology. Yeshivish, on the other hand, is completely English in its grammatical structure, it uses English syntax, and it uses English function words and morphology. It even uses English content words for the majority of lexical items unrelated to Judaism. I don't speak Yeshivish either, but I strongly suspect a sentence like ''The cat was lying on the chair dozing in the sun'' would be "translated" into Yeshivish as ''The cat was lying on the chair dozing in the sun'' (and not, say, *''The kats was ligndik on the shtul dremlendik in the zun''). No one denies Yeshivish is a separate language from both Hebrew and Yiddish. --User:Angr 06:43, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC) Yeshivish certainly has its own grammar, which is partially Hebrew/Aramaic and leans heavily on Talmudic phraseology and idiom, as well as occasionally having a Yiddish sentence structure. User:Jfdwolff | User_talk:Jfdwolff 10:55, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC) :Can you give an example of a Yeshivish sentence whose syntax is different from that of its English translation? --User:Angr 11:45, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC) ::He was moide that he was wrong." ::"He was" puts "moide" -- "to admit" -- into the third-person singular past tense, creating the present meaning of "He admitted that he was wrong." ::"We'll always be soimech on Rav Plony's p'sak that the eruv is mutar." ::"We'll always be" puts "soimech" -- "to rely" -- into the first-person plural future tense, creating the present meaning of "We'll always rely upon Rabbi So-and-So's ruling that the eruv is permitted." ::The modification of the infinitive by various forms of "to be" is different from English verb forms. ::--User:Briangotts 15:53, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC) :Not really. "Moyde" and "soymekh" are behaving in Yeshivish (and in Yiddish for that matter) like adjectives, even if they are participles in Hebrew. As far as syntax is concerned, there's no difference between ''He was moyde that he was wrong'' and ''He was sorry that he was wrong'' or ''We'll always be soymekh on ...'' and ''We'll always be reliant on ...''. --User:Angr 16:11, 30 Mar 2005 (UTC)
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Words begining with Yeshivish:
Yeshivish
Yeshivish
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